RESUMO
Introduction: the perception of individuals about their own health is a strong indicator of their real state, as well as their behaviors related to the prognosis in case of presence of pathologies, besides being proportional to their motivations to acquire healthy habits. Objective: to describe the motivations of overweight adolescents when participating in a multidisciplinary health promotion program and their perceptions about habits related to physical and emotional well-being. Methods: this is a qualitative study, using the Bardin content analysis technique. The tool used for data collection was the semi-structured interview, analyzed with the help of the software QSR NVivo 11 through grouping of the speech into clusters. These in turn were evaluated in three categories: (1) motivation; (2) food; and (3) physical exercise. Results: the average age of the participants was 13.8 ± 2.4, with an average body mass index of 31.8 ± 8.5 kg/m². Regarding family income, 41.66% had monthly income of 3 to 6 minimum wages. Regarding the educational level of parents, 70.83% of mothers had completed higher education, while 29.16% had completed high school. According to the respondents' answers, the greatest motivation to participate in a multidisciplinary obesity treatment program was weight loss. In category 2, it was observed that adolescents associated the act of eating with feelings such as anxiety and nervousness. In category 3, the impact of the pandemic was found under the modalities of physical exercise practiced. Conclusion: the results prove the importance of understanding the perception of adolescents about their own health and related habits, in order to elaborate effective strategies for health promotion and consequent improvement of the quality of life of these individuals.
Introdução: a percepção dos indivíduos a respeito da própria saúde é um forte indicador do seu real estado, bem como dos seus comportamentos relativos ao prognóstico em caso de presença de patologias, além de ser proporcional às suas motivações para adquirir hábitos saudáveis. Objetivo: descrever as motivações de adolescentes acima do peso ao participarem de um programa multidisciplinar de promoção da saúde e suas percepções a respeito de hábitos relacionados ao bem estar físico e emocional. Métodos: trata-se de estudo de abordagem qualitativa, com emprego da técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin. A ferramenta utilizada para coleta de dados foi a entrevista semiestruturada, analisada com auxílio do software QSR NVivo 11 através de agrupamento das falas em clusters. Esses por sua vez foram avaliados em três categorias: (1) motivação; (2) alimentação; e (3) exercício físico. Resultados: a idade média dos participantes foi de 13,8 ± 2,4, com índice de massa corporal médio de 31,8 kg/m² ± 8,5. Em relação à renda familiar, 41,66% apresentaram renda mensal de 3 a 6 salários mínimos. No que tange à escolaridade dos responsáveis, 70,83% das mães possuíam o ensino superior completo, enquanto 29,16% possuíam ensino médio completo. De acordo com as respostas dos entrevistados a maior motivação para participarem de um programa multidisciplinar de tratamento da obesidade foi o emagrecimento. Já na categoria 2 observou-se que os adolescentes associaram o ato de comer com sentimentos como a ansiedade e o nervosismo. Na categoria 3, constatou-se o impacto da pandemia sob as modalidades de exercício físico praticados. Conclusão: os resultados comprovam a importância de entender a percepção dos adolescentes a respeito da própria saúde e hábitos relacionados, a fim de elaborar de estratégias efetivas para promoção da saúde e consequente, melhoria da qualidade de vida desses indivíduos.
RESUMO
Introduction: there is evidence that multidisciplinary interventions are an efficient approach to achieving weight loss and other health-related goals. However, dropout rates of these programs are high among adolescents. The suggestion is that understanding the motivation of individuals to participate in these projects is fundamental to developing strategies for permanence and, consequently, promoting better results.Objective: the main aim of this study was to describe the motivations of overweight adolescents participating in a multidisciplinary health promotion project.Methods: this qualitative study was conducted from March to July 2021 using the Bardin content analysis technique. The tool used for data collection was the semi-structured interview, analyzed means by the software QSR NVivo 11 by grouping the speech into clusters. These, in turn, were evaluated in three categories: (1) motivation, (2) food, and (3) physical exercise.Results: the age of the participants was 13.8 ± 2.4 years old, with body mass index of 31.8 ± 8.5 kg/m². Regarding family income, 41.66% had a monthly payment of 3 to 6 minimum wages. Regarding parents' educational level, 70.83% of mothers had completed higher education, while 29.16% had completed high school. According to the respondent's answers, weight loss was the greatest motivation to participate in a multidisciplinary obesity treatment program. In category 2, it was observed that adolescents associated the act of eating with feelings such as anxiety and nervousness. In category 3, the impact of the pandemic was found under the modalities of physical exercise practiced.Conclusion: the results describe the motivation of overweight adolescents to participate in a multidisciplinary program, in addition to elucidating participants' perception of their health and related habits, strategies for health promotion, and consequent improvement of the quality of life of these individuals.